Wednesday, 6 May 2015

ADDICTIONS: Facts about smoking and ‘Kids’

JoAnn Hummers 
Most people acknowledge that cigarette smoking is dangerous to one’s health. The “Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids” highlights extra dangers faced by teens because of their use or tobacco.


• Each day, more than 2,800 kids in the United States try their first cigarette; and another 700 additional kids under 18 years of age become new regular, daily smokers. That’s more than 250,000 new underage daily smokers in this country each year.
 
• The addiction rate for smoking is higher than the addiction rates for marijuana, alcohol, or cocaine; and symptoms of serious nicotine addiction often occur only weeks or even just days after youth “experimentation” with smoking first begins. Because adolescence is a critical period of growth and development, exposure to nicotine may have lasting, adverse consequences on brain development.

• Ninety percent of adult smokers begin while in their teens, or earlier; and two-thirds become regular, daily smokers before they reach the age of 19.

• 13.6 percent of high school students are current smokers by the time they leave high school.

• 15.7 percent of all high school students (grades 9 — 12) are current smokers, including 15.0 percent of females and 16.4 percent of males. White high school students have the highest smoking rate (18.6%), compared to Hispanics (14.0%) and African-Americans (8.2%).

• If current smoking rates persist, 5.6 million children alive today will die prematurely from smoking.

• Roughly one-third of all youth smokers will eventually die prematurely from smoking-caused disease.

• Smoking can seriously harm kids while they are still young. Aside from the immediate bad breath, irritated eyes and throat and increased heartbeat and blood pressure, short-term harms from youth smoking include respiratory problems, reduced immune function, increased illness, tooth decay, gum disease, and pre-cancerous gene mutations.

• Smoking during youth is also associated with an increased likelihood of using illegal drugs.

• The tobacco companies spend more than $8.8 billion each year to promote their deadly products — more than $24 million every day — and much of that making directly reaches and influences kids.

• Kids are more susceptible to cigarette advertising and marketing than adults. 85.8 percent of youth smokers (12 — 17) prefer Marlboro, Newport and Camel (the three most heavily advertised brands), while only 61 percent of smokers 26 or older prefer these brads. For example, between 1989 and 1993, spending on the Joe Camel ad campaign jumped from $27 million to $43 million, which prompted a 50 percent increase in Camel’s share of the youth market but had no impact at all on its adult market share. 

Additionally, a survey conducted in March 2012 showed that kids were significantly more likely than adults to recall tobacco advertising. While only 25 percent of all adults recalled seeing a tobacco ad in the two weeks prior to the survey, 45 percent of kids aged 12 to 17 reported seeing tobacco ads.

• A Journal of the National Cancer Institute study found that teens were more likely to be influenced to smoke by cigarette marketing than by peer pressure. Similarly, a Journal of the American Medical Association study found that as much as one-third of underage experimentation with smoking was attributable to tobacco company marketing efforts. In 2014, the U.S. Surgeon General reported that “tobacco industry advertising and promotion cause youth and young adults to start smoking, and nicotine keeps smoking past those ages.”

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